What is archetype, and name two examples?

• A. Archetypes are not universal and vary by culture.
• B. Archetypes are universal symbolic patterns; examples include the Hero and the Shadow.
• C. Archetypes are personal memories unique to individuals.
• D. Archetypes are exclusive to Western cultures.

Answer: (B)

Archetypes are universal symbolic patterns that recur across myths, dreams, and stories because they mirror basic human experiences. They’re thought to reside in a shared psychic layer, not tied to any one culture, which is why these roles and motifs pop up in so many different contexts and times. Two classic examples are the Hero, who embodies courage and the journey to overcome obstacles, and the Shadow, the hidden or darker side of ourselves that we must confront for growth. Recognizing these patterns helps us read and understand myths and narratives from diverse cultures, since the same shapes appear again and again even when details differ.